Genetic (pharmacogenomic) biomarkers are specific DNA and RNA characteristics (mutations) that are used by Israeli physicians and molecular laboratories to personalize the treatment for various diseases and achieve more effective results.
Based on these characteristics it is possible in Israel to select drugs and predict their effects for each patient individually.
Contacting us you can get advice from a specialist about the possibility and necessity of performing genetic tests in Israel to optimize the result of treatment in your case.
WHY ARE GENOMIC BIOMARKERS IMPORTANT?
The goal of the research of genetic (pharmacogenomic) biomarkers is to study the influence of interpersonal genetic differences of people on pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of a drug. The ultimate goal of these studies is the development of personalized (precision) genetic treatment strategies (for each patient separately) that will optimize therapeutic outcomes.
Prior to the introduction of genetic biomarkers, the choice of treatment has been traditionally based on the such clinical parameters as patient’s medical history and pathology results. Possible effects on the drug response, which are usually considered when deciding on treatment, include age, sex, illness, environmental factors, diet and interactions with medications. Dose adjustment is usually performed on the basis of age, sex, organ function, body weight and body area. However, even if these factors are taken into account, drug response in patients still often varies from positive results for fatal adverse reactions. This is because they do not take into account genetic factors, which testify 20 to 40% of interpersonal differences in metabolism and response to a drug.
Promising drug therapy is particularly desirable in the appointment of a drug with a narrow therapeutic index or when the drug toxicity may be life threatening.
HOW GENOMIC BIOMARKERS ARE DETERMINED?
In order to determine biomarkers, our doctors actively use molecular pharmacogenomic tests. Based on these tests, specialists develop strategies for personalized treatment of patients with different diseases.
The reason for the transition to personalized methods was the discovery during research which testifies a different reaction of patients to the standard treatment protocol. Physicians began to understand that based on the human genome it is possible to choose a personal set of medicines (including immunotherapy) with the most likely effectiveness prognosis.
⇒ Learn more about Molecular pharmacogenomic tests in Israel.
Genetic biomarkers, determination of which affects the prediction of the drugs effects:
Oncology: ERBB2, EGFR, ALK, ESR, PGR, PML-RARA, CD274, UGT1A1, BCR-ABL1, RET, DPYD, RAS, TPMT, BRAF, ROS1, G6PD, IL2RA, MYCN, EGFR, ERBB2, ESR, PGR ,
Chromosome 17p, Chromosome 11q, KIT, PDGFRB, FIP1L1-PDGFRA, UGT1A1, HLA-DQA1, FLT3, NPM1, BRCA, MS4A1, PDGFRA, HLA-B, Microsatellite Instability,
Mismatch Repair, G6PD, CYB5R, MS4A1, CYP2D6, CYP1A2, F5, F2, TPMT, G6PD, PML-RARA.
Cardiology: CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYB5R, CYP2C9, CYP3A5, CYP2B6.
Dermatology: G6PD, DPYD.
Dermatology and gastroenterology: IL12A, IL12B, IL23A.
Endocrinology: G6PD, SLCO1B1.
Gastroenterology: CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYB5R, G6PD, CYP2D6.
Gynecology: CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6.
Hematology: F5, SERPINC1, Chromosome 5q, G6PD, CYP2C9, VKORC1, PROS1, PROC.
Congenital metabolic disorders: NAGS, TPP1, CYP2D6, GALNS, CAST.
Infectious diseases: HLA-B, IFNL3, G6PD, UGT1A1, CYP2B6, CYP2D6, CYP2C19.
Neurology: CYP2C19, HLA-B, HLA-A, CYP2D6, DMD, CYP2C9, POLG.
Psychiatry: CYP2D6.
Pulmonology: UGT1A1, CYP2D6, UGT1A1, CFTR.
Rheumatology: TPMT, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, G6PD.
Urology: CYP2D6.
Genetic (pharmacogenomic) biomarkers have great prospects for future medicine and are the basis for precision treatment. Identification of genetic biomarkers helps to improve the understanding of the pathophysiology of disease, to identify new potential therapeutic goals and to change the approach to the treatment of diseases in nearest future.
Learn more about personalized treatment:
⇒ Dr. Raanan Berger, Head of the Israel Oncology Institute – Why personalized medicine is needed.
⇒ Personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics in Israel.
