Intracranial arteriovenous malformations are arteriovenous malformations of blood vessels on the surface or deep in the brain.
The leading vascular surgeons – specialists in the treatment of AVMs in Israel:
Dr. Shimon Maimon – Head of the Department of minimally invasive neuroradiology Sourasky Hospital. Leading expert in vascular neurosurgery, minimally invasive procedures and radiology.
Prof. Jacob Schneiderman – Director of the Department of Vascular Surgery, Sheba Medical Center.
Prof. Yehuda Wolf – Director of the Department of Vascular Surgery, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv.
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Congenital intracranial formation of blood vessels of the central nervous system can be divided into five categories:
1. Arteriovenous malformation (AVM).
2. Deep blood vessels.
3. Telangiectasia.
4. Venous malformations.
5. Varicose veins.
These five types of vascular malformations are the most common and account for 62.7% of all traumatic brain arteriovenous malformations of blood vessels. Infratentorial lesions are 42.7% of congenital vascular pathology.
Intracranial arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a group of disorders of cerebral blood vessels. The scope of this disease may be at least 1 cm and 10 cm. Malformation may occur due to degeneration of the brain tissue ischemia. Intracranial AVM can be located in any part of the cortex.
Clinical signs – bleeding, headache (unilateral or the whole head), vomiting and other symptoms, seizures, neurological defects, such as a movement disorder, sensations, vision, and speech dysfunction. Arteriovenous malformations in children also known as cerebral aneurysms may lead to heart failure, and hydrocephalus.
Diagnostics
Computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast enhancement may determine the location and extent of bleeding.
Magnetic resonance temografiya (MRI) can detect the boundary between the lesions and the anatomical structure of the brain to select the surgical approach.
Cerebral angiography is mandatory for the diagnosis of this disease. It helps to determine the size of the vascular malformation, type of feeding arteries, veins and blood flow.
In some cases, also performed electroencephalograph (EEG).
Management
Microsurgical resection is the primary treatment for patients with intracranial AVM. This technique not only helps prevent further bleeding, but also to eliminate a vascular anomaly, thus contributing to the improvement of blood flow to the brain.
Prevention of the disease is the constant control of blood pressure to avoid predisposing factors.
